Guide
Every strategy on this site runs off one document: the hospital's financial assistance policy. Nonprofit hospitals must publicize it — website, billing office, on request. If you've never seen it, that's the system's failure, not yours. Fix it in one call.
"Please send me the hospital's financial assistance policy, its plain-language summary, and the application form. I'd also like an itemized bill for account [number]." Four documents, one call. Write down who you spoke to and when — accounts get noted, and a dated FAP request inside your 240-day window is a fact you'll be glad exists.
A nonprofit hospital that cannot produce its FAP is out of compliance with the regulation that conditions its tax exemption (26 CFR §1.501(r)-4 requires the policy, the summary, and wide publicity). Say so calmly, in writing, and ask for the compliance or patient-advocate office. If the stall continues, the escalation ladder in the kit applies — up to the IRS Form 13909 complaint, which exists precisely for 501(r) failures. In states with their own laws, the state enforcer (California's HCAI Hospital Bill Complaint Program, your state attorney general) is usually faster.
Get the HospitalBillDecoded Kit — $49
One payment of $49. No subscription. The kit is a web page you can return to and print — the application pack, the error checklist, the scripts, the deadline tracker, and the escalation ladder.